Timber Rattlesnake
Crotalus horridus
Conservation Status:
A huge threat to this species is humans, with many people killing them due to fear of their venom. If you encounter one, it is best to stay away and leave it alone. DO NOT kill timber rattlesnakes. This is illegal as they are protected under the state's Endangered Species Act. If you wish to remove a venomous snake from your property, contact wildlife control services
Photographed by Eric M. Powell
Description
Timber rattlesnakes are a large species of snake, growing three to five feet long with a stocky build. They are gray, tan, or yellow with dark crossbands outlined in white. Sometimes a rusty colored stripe is visible running down their back. Some snakes are all black and lack a pattern. They have distinct triangular heads, vertical pupil slits, and a rattle at the end of the tail. Males are larger than females.
Habitat
This species is most common in deciduous forests or rocky slopes.
Behavior
During the day, rattlesnakes spend a lot of time basking in the sun. They hibernate over the winter in dens, commonly with copperheads and
ratsnakes. They eat warm-blooded prey, such as rodents and birds. When threatened, they remain still and rattle their tail. They are not aggressive and will only bite if they are threatened and backed into a corner. They are venomous, and one of the most dangerous snakes in North America. Seek medical attention immediately if bitten. From August to September they will give birth to six to fifteen live young.
Range
Present
Timber Rattlesnake
Photographed by Eric M. Powell
Often Confused with
Eastern Hognose Snake
Photographed by Fern Crossway
Hognose snakes can be distinguished from other species in the state by looking at its upturned nose. Rattlesnakes are larger and generally longer than hognoses, with a distinct rattle at the end of the tail. They also have a triangular shaped head and a vertical pupil slit.
Timber Rattlesnake
Photographed by Eric M. Powell
Often Confused with
Northern Watersnake
Photographed by Eric M. Powell
The easiest way to tell these species apart is by the presence of the rattle at the end of the rattlesnakes tail. Rattlesnakes also have a distinct triangular shaped head and vertical pupil slits, while watersnakes have oval heads that are no wider than their neck. Watersnakes also are most commonly found in or around water, while timber rattlesnakes enjoy forests and rocky slopes.